Robin Wilton's esoterica

       
 

The quantum mechanics of UK anti-terror law


Either the interviewers at BBC Radio 4 are having a particularly strong week, or the Government's current proposals on anti-terror legislation are so flawed that getting a good interview out of it is as easy as dynamiting fish in a barrel. Today it was James Naughtie's turn, interviewing Tony Blair. First he challenged the PM to define terrorism, given that it's hard to prosecute someone for glorifying something if you don't know what that something is. Mr Blair didn't even break sweat over that one: "Terrorism is killing innocent civilians deliberately". He repeated that formula, and came back to it again, word for word, later in the interview. Personally I think that definition is problematic. First, there are the cases such as Yitzhak Shamir's Stern Gang, Yasser Arafat's PLO, Nelson Mandela's ANC and others, where individuals would have to be classified as terrorists but later end up as democratically elected leaders representing their constituents. Second, there are the cases where military action is undertaken in the full knowledge that it will result in civilian casualties. Bloody Sunday, Bosnia, Iraq and many other instances suggest that under Mr Blair's definition, most modern military action would have to be classified as terrorism. What kind of propaganda ammunition (no pun intended) does that give to radical extremists? Second, Naughtie turned to the knotty problem of 'glorifying terrorism'. On this, Mr Blair's response was that this definition is not simply meant to catch those people who say 'I can understand the motivation of people who turn to terrorist acts', even if he would "profoundly disagree" with their view; it's aimed at those who say that kind of thing to an impressionable audience who will then conclude that they should undertake terrorist acts. So the 'offence' here doesn't arise out of what I say - it arises out of the extent to which people who hear (or read) what I say are impressionable. That seems to me both illogical and a very dubious basis for legislation. (And yes, I am aware of Schenck v. United States). The third telling comment came when Mr Blair fell back on the old mantra that "every right comes with a corresponding responsibility". Superficially attractive, but also well-accepted to fall short of a useful principle. After all, a mark of a civilised society is surely the extent to which it grants rights without responsibilities; for instance, babies, children, the sick and the mentally ill frequently are accorded rights without being expected to bear commensurate responsibilities. So what has this got to do with quantum mechanics? Well, it seems to me that there's something 'quantum' going on here. I know that politicians are constantly under pressure to reduce everything to a sound-bite, no matter how complex the subject. In a quantum system, you can never know everything about a subatomic particle... you can know two out of three things about it (energy state, position, momentum, if I remember right*). It seems to me that when you put a politician on the radio, you can similarly have two out of three things: logical, consistent, succinct. (Let's not be over-rigorous and try and factor truthfulness in as well...). What we got today was consistent and succinct, but not logical. *Turns out I don't remember right... so it's a good thing my degree wasn't in Physics. See comments for corrections from Paul Madsen and Richard Veryard. Thank you, gents.
 
 
 
 
Comments:

I wholeheartedly agree with your analysis of the state of our (UK) political reaction to "terrorism". May I refer you to the excellent analysis of modern imperialism by Noam Chomsky - see http://www.chomsky.info - in which he deconstructs terms like "terrorism" with acute historical contexts (such as USA warfare in Latin America). Basically a "terrorist" is someone who acts offensively without state backing. And since our so-called "democratic" states are actually far from democratic, you can entirely understand how some people are driven to this extreme. You could say that terrorism is just another facet of the "participation age" that Jon Schwartz likes to talk about. Finally, I agree with your comments about that old sound bite "rights and responsibilities". It sounds vaguely logical until you think about it for two seconds or longer. Surely in modern "human rights" democracies, we don't buy our rights by taking responsibilities. If only we had a constitution like the Americans...

Posted by Kevin Hutchinson on September 16, 2005 at 08:34 AM GMT+00:00 #

Hi Robin, minor physics nit. Position and momentum are 'conjugate' variables, e.g. their values for any one particle cannot be simultaneously determined precisely. Energy is conjugate to time. So, while the statement 'you can only ever know 2 of 3 for enenergy, position, and momentum' is true, its only because the actual rule is that ' you can only ever know 1 of 2 for position and momentum'. Energy here is unrelated (in this sense of quantum conjucacy). Yours indertiminantly Paul

Posted by Paul Madsen on September 16, 2005 at 12:46 PM GMT+00:00 #

I think you're onto something, but it's not quite the same as quantum mechanics. On your theory, the behaviour of politicians is overdetermined, closed. For example, once you have got consistent and succinct, you cannot also have logical. This is the very opposite of quantum mechanics, where the state of a subatomic particle is underdetermined, open.

Posted by Richard Veryard on September 16, 2005 at 01:42 PM GMT+00:00 #

Thanks, guys! Let that be a lesson to me not to draw analogies outside my sphere of knowledge ;^) Maybe I sohuld have framed it in terms of "consistent, succinct and true"... e.g. "I can tell that what that politician said was consistent and succinct, but its truthfulness is indeterminate" - Richard, you're right... the "perm any two of three" rule is useful but not quantum mechanical. Ah well, back to the analogy-mine [sigh] ;^) PS - anyone else remember the quote from Max Headroom? "How do you tell if a politician is lying? Simple... his lips move."

Posted by Robin Wilton on September 16, 2005 at 02:18 PM GMT+00:00 #

When considering the prime minister's definition of terrorism, "Terrorism is killing innocent civilians deliberately," one should wonder what makes something deliberate.

For example, when we know for certain that (with some estimatable probability) we will kill large numbers of civilians if we drop, near their homes, some bombs (including cluster bombs in areas with large numbers of children) or if we continue an occupation and policies that lead to greater instability in a country, leading, again, to large numbers of civilian casualties, are we then terrorists? I would say we are.

Again, it depends how you define deliberate. I can define deliberate as "with my eyes open" or "with my best knowledge examining the situation," etc. If our language has preserved its meaning and its contact with morality, then every man and woman in the street should be able to recognize a situation as involving a deliberate harm or not. Often the bar is very low for deliberate action. (Simple knowledge of a harmful outcome combined with facilitating the harm can count as deliberate in most cases.)

It is actually much easier to define what is not deliberate than what is. It depends on the situation and everyone would be able to recognize it but when our moral vocabulary gets corrupted, we won't even be able to recognize what is "deliberate" and what is not. When that happens, morality can be undermined without ever knowing that it has. We have been disconnected from the fabric of meaning that connects morals and the language we speak, and that, is the beginning of the end of a linguistic civilization connected to a particular language.

Posted by M. Mortazavi on September 18, 2005 at 03:47 PM GMT+00:00 #

Masood, many thanks.
As ever, your thoughts are lucid and penetrating. There is a pernicious relationship between linguistic and moral corruption , but I haven't seen it so clearly articulated before.

Posted by Robin Wilton on September 18, 2005 at 05:50 PM GMT+00:00 #

All credit to Masood for making the point here, but you might also want to look at George Orwell on the relationship between linguistic and moral corruption.

Posted by Richard Veryard on September 19, 2005 at 08:14 AM GMT+00:00 #

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Such views as I express in this blog are based on my own opinions, experience and judgements. They do not necessarily represent the policy or views of my employer. It is not my intention to offend readers in any way. If you find anything on this blog offensive, please contact me in the first instance.
Robin Wilton
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